- Emphasizes unconscious aspects of personality. Proposes that personality operates at the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious.
- According to Freud, personality is comprised of the unconscious id that operates according to the pleasure principle, the conscious ego, and the moral directives of the superego.
The Trait Approach
- Attempts to describe personality by identifying the internal traits
- Classified traits into three types: central, cardinal, and secondary
- Five-factory theory proposed five core universal traits
- Openness
- Conscientiouness
- Extraversion
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
Social Cognitive Approach
- Evaluates environmental and cognitive factors that influence personality
- Reciprocal determinism suggests that personality is due to the constant interaction between one's environment, one's behavior, and one's thoughts.
The Humanistic Approach
- Emphasizes one's drive toward uniqueness and self-actualization
- The humanistic approach promotes self-awareness and positive interactions with others.
Measuring Personality
- Tools that assess personality should be reliable and valid.
- Personality inventories such as the MMPI-2 are objective forms that can reliably describe a person's traits if answered honestly.
- Projective tests are less structured. A person's responses are believed to reflect underlying unconscious concerns.
That's all for this week! Personality, huh? Super interesting. Time to do some more homework; oh joy. Busy, busy, busy week! And happy birthday to my sister this week! :) Next Week is Chapters 13 & 14. Volleyball ended last night as well. :(
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